Data Structures & Algorithms Cheat Sheet
This cheat sheet covers fundamental data structures and algorithms in computer science, categorized for quick reference.
| Category | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Data Structures | Array | Linear data structure with contiguous memory allocation. |
| Linked List | Elements are linked using pointers in a linear order. | |
| Stack | LIFO data structure, elements are added and removed from the top. | |
| Queue | FIFO data structure, elements are added from the back and removed from the front. | |
| Tree | Hierarchical data structure with a root value and subtrees of children, represented as a set of linked nodes. | |
| Binary Tree | A tree data structure where each node has at most two children. | |
| Graph | A collection of nodes connected by edges. | |
| Hash Table | A data structure that implements an associative array, a structure that can map keys to values. | |
| Algorithms | Sorting | Algorithms to arrange elements in a certain order. Includes Bubble Sort, Merge Sort, Quick Sort, etc. |
| Searching | Algorithms to find elements. Includes Linear Search, Binary Search, etc. | |
| Graph Traversal | Algorithms to traverse or search through graph data structures. Includes Depth-First Search, Breadth-First Search, etc. | |
| Path Finding | Algorithms to find the shortest path between two nodes. Includes Dijkstra’s Algorithm, A* Algorithm, etc. | |
| Dynamic Programming | A method for solving complex problems by breaking them down into simpler subproblems. | |
| Greedy Algorithms | Algorithms that make the locally optimal choice at each stage with the hope of finding a global optimum. | |
| Divide and Conquer | Algorithms that divide the problem into subproblems, recursively solve them, and combine their solutions. | |
| Backtracking | An algorithmic-technique for solving problems recursively by trying to build a solution incrementally. | |
| Branch and Bound | A type of algorithm that systematically enumerates candidate solutions by means of state space search. | |
| Randomized Algorithms | Algorithms that use a degree of randomness as part of their logic. |